Argument essay on Should the government provide health care Research Paper - 1

Argument essay on Should the government provide health care - Research Paper Example This is made worse by the fact that the country has continued to record slow economic development leading to a significant rise in the rate of unemployment, meaning that more and more people will continue to consider healthcare as a secondary necessity as compared to other needs such as food, education and shelter. This paper is a critical evaluation on whether the government should provide healthcare to its citizens. As earlier mentioned, a healthy population is a healthy nation. This means that a country which is free of diseases stands to benefit from its human resources especially in various sectors of the economy such as Agriculture, building and construction, mining, management among others. This is due to the fact that these people earn their living by the virtue of their presence and attendance to their duties and responsibilities, which can be compromised by sickness. In this context, the government should come up with a policy of ensuring that healthcare provision especially in medical check ups is paid for by the government. This would encourage people to visit health centers on regular basis to have their checkups (Halvorson 26). Diseases such as cancer, diabetes, heart infections, and tuberculosis among others would then become easy to detect and control at their earliest stages of development. This principle has been applied world wide for testing and treating infections such as HIV /AIDS and it has proved to be fruitful. It is wrong to find that medical checkup among majority of citizens is perceived as a luxury since it demands for them to dig deeper into their pockets. Consequently, infections such as those of the eyes and teeth continue to affect citizens despite the fact that they can be corrected if detected early enough. It is estimated that approximately 15 million people failed to acquire eyeglasses while another 25 million could not access dental care with regard to 2005 statistics (Halvorson 45). It is sad to

Lab - Risk Essay Example for Free

Lab Risk Essay Name and Number: CIS 333 LAB#6 Instructor Name: Professor West Lab Due Date: 19 May 2013 1. What is the difference between a risk analysis (RA) and a business impact analysis (BIA)? Risk analysis is often identifying the potential threats and the associated vulnerabilities to the organizations . Risk analysis doesn’t view the organization from the mission critical Business Process point of view. More over BIA perceives the organization from the impact that is going to occur for an organization if the critical business processes are interrupted or tampered What is the difference between a Disaster Recovery Plan and a Business Continuity Plan? Disaster recovery is the older of the 2 functions. DR planning is an essential part of business planning that – too often – gets neglected. Part of this has to do with the fact that making a Disaster Recovery plan requires a lot of time and attention from busy managers and executives from every functional department within the company. Business continuity is a newer term which was first popularized as a response to the Y2K bug. In order to stop your company from bleeding money in these situations, you need a plan that will allow the organization to continue generating revenue and providing services – although possibly with lower quality – on a temporary basis until the company has regained its bearings. 3. Typically, a business continuity plan is also a compilation or collection of other plans. What other plans might a BCP and all supporting documents include? Technical backup Plan: How can you recover smoothly from technical glitches. Communications Plan: What communication will facilitate this recovery. Why is it important to have detailed backup and recovery steps within your disaster recovery plan (DRP)? 5. What is the purpose of a risk analysis? What is the purpose of a business impact analysis? Why are these an important first step in defining a BCP and DRP? The purpose of a Business Impact and Risk Assessment is to determine the approximate business value of IT assets, to assess the impact the loss of those assets would have on business units, and to assign recovery priorities to the assets. 6. How does risk analysis (RA) relate to a business impact analysis for an organization? The purpose of a Business Impact and Risk Assessment is to determine the approximate business value of IT assets, to assess the impact the loss of those assets would have on business units, and to assign recovery priorities to the assets. 7. Given the list of identified mission critical business functions and processed, what kind of company would you say this organization is, and what do you think are its most important business processes and functions? It Company; Risk Analysis Disaster Recovery Plan to get the business up and running on the web 8. Given the prioritization list provided for the organizations identified business functions and processes, write an assessment of how this prioritization will impact the need for IT systems, applications, and data access? Recovery strategies should be developed for Information technology (IT) systems, applications and data. This includes networks, servers, desktops, laptops, wireless devices, data and connectivity. Priorities for IT recovery should be consistent with the priorities for recovery of business functions and processes that were developed during the business impact analysis. IT resources required to support time-sensitive business functions and processes should also be identified. The recovery time for an IT resource should match the recovery time objective for the business function or process that depends on the IT resource. Information technology systems require hardware, software, data and connectivity. Without one component of the â€Å"system,† the system may not run. Therefore, recovery strategies should be developed to anticipate the loss of one or more of the following system components: * Computer room environment (secure computer room with climate control, conditioned and backup power supply, etc.) * Hardware (networks, servers, desktop and laptop computers, wireless devices and peripherals) * Connectivity to a service provider (fiber, cable, wireless, etc. ) * Software applications (electronic data interchange, electronic mail, enterprise resource management, office productivity, etc. ) * Data and restoration Some business applications cannot tolerate any downtime. They utilize dual data centers capable of handling all data processing needs, which run in parallel with data mirrored or synchronized between the two centers. This is a very expensive solution that only larger companies can afford. However, there are other solutions available for small to medium sized businesses with critical business applications and data to protect. 9. For the top identified business functions and processes, what recovery time objective (RTO) would you recommend for this organization and why? The RTO must match or be shorter than the MTD 10. Why is payroll for employees and Human Resources listed as a co-number 1 business priority? It is listed as a number one because it is highly what runs the office and something very important for these to parts to be correct.

Walt Whitman: Homoeroticism in Leaves of Grass Essay -- Poetry Analysi

Leaves of Grass is Walt Whitman’s life legacy and at the same time the most praised and condemned book of poetry. Although fearful of social scorn, there are several poems in Leaves of Grass that are more explicit in showing the homoerotic imagery, whereas there are several subtle – should I say â€Å"implicit† – images woven into the fabric of the book. It is not strange, then, that he created many different identities in order to remain safe. What Whitman faced in writing his poetry was the difficulty in describing and resonating manly and homosexual love. He was to find another voice of his, a rhetoric device, and his effort took two forms: simplified, and subverted word play. The first was to understand and render the experience in everyday terms, as in the poem Behold This Swarthy Face. Whitman puts emphasis on masculinity â€Å"in this swarthy face, these gray eyes† (149), and other words, too, are expressive enough to explain to the reader what kind of person is to be loved. What is not as subtle as in some other of Whitman’s poems is the idea in the second part of the poem: â€Å"And I on the crossing of the street or on the ship’s deck give a kiss in / return† (149) – the meeting of the two is to be recognized anywhere, be it on the street or on a ship's deck. When it comes to the second form, Davidson notices that â€Å"The other and far more prevalent form of presented homoerotic love was by means of terms of oppression, subversion† (54). Exemplar poem of this form is Not Heaving from My Ribb’d Breast Only. In it the lyrical subject is trapped in fears and must break out of suppression in order to be himself. In the end of the poem there is a sudden release: â€Å"O pulse of my life! / Need I that you exist and show yourself any more than in... ...d Bergman, David. Choosing Our Fathers: Gender and Identity in Whitman, Ashbery and Richard Howard. American Literary History 1.2 (1989): 383-403. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Davidson, Edward H.. The Presence of Walt Whitman. Journal of Aesthetic Education 17.4 (1983): 41-63. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Herrman, Steven B.. Walt Whitman and the Homoerotic Imagination. Jung Journal: Culture & Psyche 1.2 (2007): 16-47. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Maslan, Mark. Whitman and His Doubles: Division and Union in Leaves of Grass and Its Critics. American Literary History 6.1 (1994): 119-139. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Metzer, David. Reclaiming Walt: Marc Blitzstein’s Whitman Settings. Journal of the American Musicological Society 48.2 (1995): 240-271. JSTOR. Web. 29 March 2012. Whitman, Walt. Leaves of Grass. Pennsylvania: the Pennsylvania State University, 2007. Print.

What are the differences between the Indian religion and Catholicism? :: social issues

What are the differences between the Indian religion and Catholicism? When the settlers first came to America they were meet by the Indians. Once the settlers were able to make it on there own, they no longer needed Indian help. Then they began to try to change the ways of the Indian. One of the aspects that the settlers spent much time on trying to change of the Indians was there religion. One of the main religions that the Indians were forced to try to convert to was that of Cathoilism. Many attempts were made to change the Indians ways and convert them, but to understand why they were trying to convert them one should know the differences between the religions of that of the Indians and of the Catholics. One of the biggest differences is that of individual interpretation by that of the Indians. Compared to the structured ways of the Catholics. There is first the two different types of ceremonies that go on in the two religions. In Catholicism you have the weekly event of going to mass. Every Sunday a practicing Catholic is supposed to go to mass. Next to repent for ones sins you may go to penance or also known as reconciliation. Those are the main ceremonies that you have for Catholicism. In the Indian religion you have the Sweats. When Professor Anderson came to class to speak of the Crow Indians, he spoke of the different sweats that he had been invited to take part in. It seemed very interesting that he, a white man, was able to take part in a ritual that has been around for hundreds of years in the Indian religion. When he talked about them he spoke of the welcomes that he received from the Indians. He said that every sweat was different, none being the same. Everyone asks for a different thing, hence is the individual interpretation. In Catholicism you have the same ceremonies year in and year out. Next there is the major difference in scriptures that are read. In Catholicism there is one book, I am sure that we all have heard of it, the Bible. In Catholicism it is made up of the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament is made up of scriptures before the coming of Jesus. The New Testament is made up of scriptures written up after the coming of Jesus.

Term Paper on Fm Radio of Bangladesh

This report is based on the survey on the opinion about FM revolution in Bangladesh. As our course requirement was to prepare a term paper based on survey so we have selected FM industry as our project area. FM industry has taken a different look in our country now-a-days with the launch of three private FM stations. So the recent craze or popularity of FM stations is a very contemporary issue and can be referred as FM revolution. Therefore, we decided to conduct a survey to find out which is the most popular FM station and why?As Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar are mostly listened so all of our questions for survey were asked regarding these three private FM stations. We surveyed 25 people aged from 15 to 27. Our questions were set in a manner so that we can find out which is the most popular FM station among Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar and reason behind its popularity. We believe studying the popularity issues of FM stations would give us a comprehensive under standing of the current communication pattern in the media and it will expand our learning of this course of Business Communication.We have divided the objective of this report into two parts. One is general and the other is more specific. These objectives are stated below: General Objectives General objective of this report is to conduct a survey to find out which is the most popular FM station and why. To meet this goal we conduct a survey on 25 people aged from 15 to 27. According to the result of the survey we have developed this report. During our survey we aimed to understand some specific criteria which can be regarded as our specific objective. These are as follows: Specific ObjectivesTo find out the most popular FM station and reason behind its popularity we specified our questioner to the criteria as follows: Rating of popularity Major criteria for popularity General complains of listeners Suggestions We have collected our data from both primary source and secondary source . We have mostly used our textbooks and the Internet as the vehicle of the secondary source. In addition for our primary source of information we have conducted a survey on 25 people aged from 15 to 27. Then we have studied the gathered data and find the actual information of our project.We also use some graphs and tables to represent data in a grouped manner. We believe that the future scope of this report can be of very wide range. As FM industry has proved to be a promising sector in media of Bangladesh so knowledge of popularity trends of this sector is very helpful regarding to conduct future research. Our report also provides a clear and specific idea of the current program features of FM stations, complains and suggestions of listeners. So for developing a popular FM station this report can provide innovative ideas and suggestions after further research.We acknowledge that our report is not a comprehensive representation of all the information regarding FM industry. These dis crepancies are primarily due to the fact that our aim was to conduct a report which is very short and precise. So we only put focus on our specific objectives. As a result we put emphasis on recently launched three private FM stations. As our sample size of the survey was also very few so it is natural that we have able to cover a very precise and specific area regarding this report.Regardless, we have furnished the report to the best of our ability and we are willing to change any part of our report in light of new and credible information. Chapter Two Recent times have seen an upsurge in FM industry in Bangladesh. Specially Private sector FM (frequency modulation) band radio channels are becoming popular with the people in and around the Dhaka city, mainly to the students and young generation, for their differences in the presentation style and variation in news and other programs.Apart from the in-house listeners, many of the youngsters, who were used to carry MP3 players, now li sten to music and news on the FM radio-enabled mobile phone sets. A List of Bangladeshi radio stations is given below: National Bangladesh Betar FM Stations Radio Today FM 88. 0 Radio Foorti FM 89. 6 Radio Amar (Uniwave) FM 101 ABC (coming soon) Radio Metrowave Online Streaming Radio ONIYOM Bengali Live Classic Streaming But among all these stations recently launched three FM band stations— Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar— are mostly listened by general people.These stations are currently on air with 100 kilometers radius that covers Dhaka and surrounding 15 districts. Because of the variety of contents, new way of presentation and technical superiority, FM radio is gaining popularly despite the operation of a number of television channels. Radio Today (FM 89. 6); the country’s first 24-hour radio station went on air on September 16. Radio Foorti, the country’s second 24-hour radio station and first entertainment and fun radio, went on air on Sep tember 21. Radio Foorti is purely for entertainment and fun. Radio Amar has been launched recently.Apart from these stations, another privately-owned FM band radio stations — Ayna Broadcasting Corporation— are coming on air soon with a challenge to make radio popular with the people in Dhaka and its adjoining districts. In developed countries, radio is still a very popular medium of entertainment and news and the objective of the authorities of the radio stations is also take radio to that level of entertainment art. In those countries, Radio is still a big part of their lifestyle, and in our country a niche has been carved recently for radio in the hearts of the people.Sakib, a student, said ‘Earlier I would carry a MP3 player. Now I just use my mobile phone set to listen to music and the news updates’. Radio Today simultaneously airs information and entertainment, which the authorities term ‘infotainment’. It covers news and views on politic al events, sports, education, business and commerce while Radio Foorti broadcasts music, talk show, celebrity show, advertisements and live programs of pure entertainment. Out of 2. 3 crore people in 16 districts, FM radio’s target audience include school, college and university students, housewives and executives.Age limit of their target audiences ranges between 16 years and 40 years. Persons aged over 40 years may also be listeners if they are still young in spirit. With the huge response of listeners these private FM stations are planning to be expanded throughout the country. As Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar are mostly listened so all of our questions during survey were asked regarding these three private FM stations. We surveyed 25 people aged from 15 to 27. Our questions were set in a manner so that we can find out which is the most popular FM station among Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar and why?According to our survey we have gathered some statist ical data and we have analyzed those data graphically and came to some assumption. Findings of our survey will be explained throughout the report. To find out the most popular FM station among the most listened Radio Today, Radio Foorti and Radio Amar we conducted a survey on 25 people aged from 15 to 27. We have prepared a structured questioner in order to get the information easily and quickly. We had in total 8 questions in our questioner which were asked basically to find out some specific criteria.In order to avoid biasness we set two opinion based questions as open questions. After completing survey we gathered some statistical data and we have analyzed those data graphically. Our entire survey can be divided into four parts. This are- These parts are briefly discussed below with necessary graphs and tables: 1st two questions of our survey were asked to judge the popularity of FM stations. We tried to find out the most popular FM station among the most listened Radio Today, Ra dio Foorti and Radio Amar. Our 1st question was- How do you feel about listening to radio?Options: Awesome Good Ok Bad The response to this question is shown below graphically: So from this graph we can understand that 12% of people from our survey said awesome, 60% said well (good), 20% said ok and only 8% said badly as their feelings about listening to radio. 2nd question was- Which station do you like most? Options: Radio Today-89. 6 FM Radio Foorti-88. 0 FM Radio Amar-101. 0 FM The responses to this question are shown below graphically: Among 25 people 7 said that they like Radio Today-89. 6 FM, 14 like Radio Foorti-88. 0 FM and 4 people like Radio Amar-101. FM. So from these two graphs we can easily understand that FM radio is very popular among most of the people and Radio Foorti-88. 0 FM is the most popular FM station among the most listened three private FM station. Radio today is the 2nd most popular FM station according to our survey. To analyze and understand the criteria for popularity of the FM stations we interviewed a several questions during our survey. These questions can be categorized into different topics. These categorical questions are explained graphically below with the responses: FeaturesFM stations use a number of attractive tools for their listeners which can be referred as features. These features include program features, Radio Jockey, songs, information, flexible accessibilities etc. To find out the most popular feature we set the 3rd question in our questioner as- Why do you like your preferred station? Options: Program features Radio Jockey Flexible accessibility Songs Information Among 25 people 8 said that they prefer Program features, 6 people prefer Radio Jockey, 4 people chose songs and 2 people chose information as their main reason behind likings about FM station.Again 5 people listen to their preferable FM station as this media of entertainment and information can be accessed flexibly from mobile, MP3 player and even car . So for them their favorite FM station is preferred because it does not require sitting in front of television or at any fixed place. They can easily tune to their favorite station at home, work or even at roads. These data are shown below graphically: So from this graph we can understand that program feature is the most popular feature among the listeners of FM channels.To find out what type of program is most popular we asked another question during our survey- Which type of program of FM do you like most? Options: Informative Celebrity show & Talk show Request show (SMS sending segment) Quiz contest Among 25 people 2 people like informative show, 11 people like celebrity show & talk show, 7 people like request show and 5 people like quiz contest show most. This information is represented graphically below: So from this graph we can assume that celebrity and talk shows are most popular at FM. Sound QualityAs FM channels are enjoyed through listening so quality of sound is a matte r of consideration for popularity of FM stations. To find out how the listeners are reacting to the sound quality of various stations we asked two questions. These are as follows- Which station’s sound quality seems better to you? Options: Radio Today-98. 6 FM Radio Foorti-88. 0 FM Radio Amar-101. 0 FM Among 25 people 13 people said that sound quality of Radio Today is better, 7 people said sound quality of Radio Foorti is better, 5 people said sound quality of Radio Amar is better.This information is represented graphically below: So from this graph it is clear that sound quality of Radio Today seems comparatively better to the majority. To analyze which is important to listeners in terms of choosing preferable station we asked another question- Which is important to you in terms of choosing your preferable station? Options: Sound Quality Program Features Both From these options 6 persons chose sound quality, 12 persons selected both and 7 people selected program features. T his information is represented below graphically:So from this graph we can easily understand most of the people prefer both sound quality and program features. In order to avoid biasness, in our questioner we have included an open question stated as- Any complain against FM stations? We have received various opinions as answers for this question. 12 people said that advertisement on FM is very boring, 5 people said that there are lack of certain programs such as special program for children and aged people, religious program etc, 8 people complained that there is no access from rural area.These numerical values are represented below graphically: In order to avoid biasness, in our questioner we have included an open question stated as- Any suggestion for FM industry? We have received various opinions as answers for this question. 8 people said that some specific program should be included such as- career info, education tips etc, 12 people said FM should be expanded throughout the co untry and 5 people said that more FM stations should be launched. These numerical values are represented below graphically: Chapter ThreeOn the basis of our survey and analysis conducted in previous chapter we are finally enriched with some valuable findings regarding FM industry. These findings are listed below: FM channels, specially the private FM stations have become popular now-a-days. Majority (92%) of the people whom we have interviewed during our survey feel positive about listening to radio. Among the three recently launched private FM station Radio Foorti is most popular and Radio Today is second most popular FM station according to our survey.Likings about program feature are the most popular reason for preferring individual’s favorite FM station. The second common reason for listening to favorite station is attractive and interesting Radio Jockey. Another important reason for choosing a favorite radio station as a media of entertainment is its flexible accessibili ty. According to our survey among different programs celebrity and talk shows are most popular. The least popular is the informative features. According to our survey we have found that sound quality of Radio Today seems better to the majority.On the other hand most of the people put emphasis both on program features and sound quality. So Radio Foorti becomes the most popular FM station satisfying all these criteria as a result of our survey. The most general complain that we have came across is against boring advertisement on FM. Most of the people have recommended expanding these FM stations throughout the country. On the basis of the general complains and suggestion of listeners that we came across during our survey we would like to recommend a few points to the FM industry as a whole.These recommendations are- Advertisements on FM should be made more interesting as majority of the people (48%) whom we have interviewed have complained against boring advertisement on FM. Some spec ific program, for example- special program for children and aged, religious program, career info, education tips, political talk shows should be introduced on FM to meet the listener’s demand. FM stations should be expanded throughout the country so that it is accessible from anywhere. FM industry has been focused under the lime light recently.Introduction of three private FM stations have created a new craze among young generation specially. This popularity can be referred as FM revolution. Throughout this report we have tried to analyze the statistical data gathered during survey. We aimed to find out which is the most popular FM station and why? The result of our survey is that the most popular FM station is Radio Foorti as it has been able to create a good harmony with the listeners. As our sample size of the survey was vey small so it is natural that this result could be vary while surveying on large number of people.Again the people we have interviewed are aged from 15 to 27. So they mainly represent the young generation. Surveying on different age group may result in different answer. So we acknowledge that due to these limitations stated above there some variation might arise. Regardless we will retract or modify any part of this report or recommendations if that may contradict with any real information. www. radiofoorti. fm (accessed date: 1st April-21st April) www. radiotodaybd. fm (accessed date: 1st April-21st April)

Steller Sea Lions essays

Steller Sea Lions essays In Alaska the Steller sea lions and the many other wild life there are diminishing. People ride on the ferry to get where they are going but to also see the wildlife. The sea lions are battling with the fishing industry to survive. The fishing industry is not the only factor affecting the wildlife in Alaska, but it play the largest role and contributes to the many effects that affect the life and could lead to a solution to control the problem. First of all, the steller sea lions are being affected by the conditions of their environment. Pollution, warmer waters, lack of food, nutritional stress and commercial fishing are disturbing the sea lions. It is expected that if the situation continues the sea lions could become extinct in 100 years. The younger sea lions that are not able to go down deep to get food are because the are to weak are dying off and make up less than 13 percent of the sea lion population. The warmer waters are favoring only some of the fish species so the variety of fish species is making it harder for the sea lions to find the fish they feed on. Commercial fishing is the biggest problem because it not only takes the fish away but can kill the sea lions by catching them in their nets. A solution to the decline of the sea lions could start with the Fishing industry. I think there should be limits on the amount of fish that can be harvested in a year. ...

Online Communication In Todays World essays

Online Communication In Todays World essays Group Facilitation and Conflict Resolution Techniques in the Online Environment What are you choosing to study? Why? What is the status quo that you will be working to improve? My study will revolve around the dynamics of online group communication and conflict resolution. I am most interested in this topic because my career focus is the establishment and management of online Communities of Practice (Lave and Wenger,1991). A secondary interest is my desire to improve the interpersonal communication between two groups of my peers. The study should help improve the basic strategies involved in building and maintaining a cross collaborative website known as the "Mentor Center". The current strategy used to update and maintain the site seems to have a lack of basic theory and structure. What do you already know about this topic? My knowledge of online group management is very limited. I hope to be more of a facilitator and source of information, than an administrator. One key area to the success of this study is Project Management. My knowledge of project management in a digital environment currently spans five years. The project management skill set I have should help me facilitate the process efficiently and successfully. In terms of conflict resolution, my professional knowledge is based only in theory. I have a background in international studies and interpersonal communications, with a focus on diplomacy. However, I have never acted as a formal diplomat. I hope to learn more about which theories are relevant and which are just theory. What is already known in the field about this topic? There is a vast amount of information on conflict management and mediation. My research has shown that most of the information concerns face-to-face theory and does not include online communication models. With some adjustment popular conflict resolution models should work in ...

The eNotes Blog 20 Lovable Little FreeLibraries

20 Lovable Little FreeLibraries â€Å"Take a book, return a book† is the mantra that rings true to bookworms all around the world who are interacting with Little Free Libraries. Since the birth of the first little library in Wisconsin circa 2009, the growth and prevalence of these tiny structures are astounding. As of 2017, there are 60,000 registered Little Free Libraries in all U.S. states and over 80 countries. They come in all different shapes and sizes, showcasing the unique, personal touches of their creators. Little Free Libraries, however, are more than just creating a gift-sharing network for the common good. It’s part of a social movement inspired by Andrew Carnegie’s goal of the 20th century to fund the creation of 2,508 free public libraries across the English-speaking world. These libraries are more than an educational resource. They aim to inspire communities to embrace the arts, share their stories, and encourage literacy practices. We simply cannot get enough of these adorable little libraries, so we’ve created a list of the 20 Little Free Libraries that have stolen our hearts. View this post on Instagram We took a little field trip today to @littlefreelibrarynashville on Labrador Lane to visit the Ryman library 📚 box. We even left a few goodies inside 💒. Much love to the Hunters Branch neighbors for the honor of our own #littlefreelibrary ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸  A post shared by Ryman Auditorium (@theryman) on Nov 6, 2017 at 3:14pm PST View this post on Instagram Obligatory #publicbookbox in the snow photo. #littlefreelibrary #bookbox #nopo #stjohns #doctorwho #tardis A post shared by Sarah Carter Adams (@sarah.carter.adams) on Feb 21, 2018 at 8:27am PST View this post on Instagram Phone booth turned Little Free Library #littlefreelibrary #literacy #britishphonebooth #england #cotswolds #uk #latergram #englandtrip A post shared by Angela (@angela_j_f) on Feb 21, 2018 at 10:43am PST View this post on Instagram On an afternoon walk and happened upon this cute little neighborhood library!! So I had to borrow a book! #booksofinstagram #booknerds #booklovers #booksonbooks #littlefreelibrary #takeabookreturnabook A post shared by Booksbooksbooks (@booksbymaggs) on Feb 18, 2018 at 2:51pm PST View this post on Instagram The cutest Little Free Library yet! Swipe to see the awesome vintage book I took from it. 📚 #littlefreelibrary #freebooks #addedtoreadinglist A post shared by Sarah H. (@sheiman) on Feb 15, 2018 at 11:41am PST View this post on Instagram Little rustic library. #library #pallets #santamonicacanyon #littlefreelibrary #onlybigger #wishithadcookbooks A post shared by Jaime Goodrich (@jaimegoodrich) on Feb 13, 2018 at 3:03pm PST View this post on Instagram Walked all the way to downtown via Fernwood today, BC Family day holiday here. Crisp but sunny day. Loved this elaborate (not so) Little Free Library by Fernwood square. Also picked up couple books from a different LFL. ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£  ¯BC ãÆ'•ã‚ ¡Ã£Æ'ŸãÆ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'‡ã‚ ¤Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€ Ã§ ¥ Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ£ Å Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€"ã‚‚è‰ ¯Ã£ â€žÃ£  ®Ã£  §Fernwoodを通㠁 £Ã£  ¦Ã£Æ'€ã‚ ¦Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ¿Ã£â€š ¦Ã£Æ' ³Ã£  ¾Ã£  §Ã¥ ¤ «Ã£  ¨Ã¦â€¢ £Ã¦ ­ ©Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥â€ â„¢Ã§Å"Ÿã  ¯Ã¨ ¶â€¦Ã¥â€¡ Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã§â€ž ¡Ã¦â€"™ã  ®Ã¥â€º ³Ã¦â€º ¸Ã§ ® ±Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¨ ¦ Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£  ªÃ£ â€žÃ¦Å" ¬Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¥â€¹ Ã¦â€°â€¹Ã£  «Ã¥â€¦ ¥Ã£â€šÅ'㠁Ÿã‚Šã€ Ã¥â€¦ ¥Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã¦Å" ¬Ã£â€šâ€™Ã¦Å' Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã¥ ¸ °Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã£ Å'å‡ ºÃ¦  ¥Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â€š ²Ã£Æ'Æ'ãÆ'ˆã â€"㠁Ÿã  ®Ã£  ¯Ã¥Å" °Ã¥â€¦Æ'ã‚ ·Ã£â€š §Ã£Æ'•ã  ®Ã¦â€"™ç â€ Ã¦Å" ¬Ã£  ¨Ã¨ © ©Ã£  ®Ã¦Å" ¬Ã£â‚¬â€š #bcfamilyday #familyday #yyj #lfl #littlefreelibrary #fernwood #victoriabc #explorevictoria #dateday #walking #ã‚ «Ã£Æ'ŠãÆ'€ #ã‚ «Ã£Æ'ŠãÆ'ۋÆ'“ã‚ ¯Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ªÃ£â€š ¢ #ã‚ «Ã£Æ'ŠãÆ'€ç”Ÿæ ´ » #ãÆ'•ã‚ ¡Ã£Æ'ŸãÆ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'‡ãÆ' ¼ #ãÆ'“ã‚ ¯Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ªÃ£â€š ¢ #å› ³Ã¦â€º ¸Ã© ¤ ¨ #ç ¥ Ã¦â€" ¥ #ã‚ «Ã£Æ'ŠãÆ'ۋÆ' ©Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'• #æÅ" ¬ #æ µ ·Ã¥ ¤â€"生æ ´ » A post shared by Yukari Peerless㠁 ¯Ã£  ¿Ã£Æ' ©Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ' Ã£Æ'Æ'ãÆ'‰ã‚ ­Ã£Æ' £Ã£â€š ¹Ã£Æ'ˆ (@yukaripeerless) on Feb 12, 2018 at 3:13pm PST View this post on Instagram You can find the sweetest little library at Gates Lake. #takeabookleaveabook #littlefreelibrary #gateslake #weekendwandering A post shared by cara (@cara_yu) on Feb 10, 2018 at 5:39pm PST View this post on Instagram An early happy Valentines ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸  Day! #littlefreelibrary #coronadoisland A post shared by Nado Little Free Library 📚 (@nadolfl) on Feb 9, 2018 at 3:19pm PST View this post on Instagram Is it just me, or has the weather been ridiculously nice over the past couple of weeks? Get outside with your littles by finding one (or more!) of many free little libraries in neighborhoods near you! Visit our website to find one close by! https://www.findlittleoutings.com/salt-lake-county-outings/little-free-libraries #findlittleoutings #littlefreelibrary A post shared by Find Little Outings (@findlittleoutings) on Feb 8, 2018 at 11:28am PST View this post on Instagram #littlefreelibrary #littlefreelibrary55158 #snoopy#doghouse#snoopylittlefreelibrary A post shared by ChaCha And Ru (@chachalarue_therapydog) on Feb 4, 2018 at 3:33pm PST View this post on Instagram Wishing you a whale of a weekend from our #littlefreelibrary #shakeragalley #takeabookleaveabook #reading ##writing #weekend A post shared by Shake Rag Alley (@shakeragalley) on Jan 26, 2018 at 3:23pm PST View this post on Instagram Another #littlelibrary between Dinglewood #discgolf and #MidtownCoffeeHouse #ColumbusGa #getoutside #parksandrec #littlefreelibrary A post shared by Bethanie Hagues (@bethaniehagues) on Jan 25, 2018 at 2:53pm PST View this post on Instagram I was happy to see a little free library at the @sequoiaparkzoo! #storieseverywhere A post shared by Storyteller John Weaver (@storyteller_john_weaver) on Jan 15, 2018 at 12:53pm PST View this post on Instagram The #HoweLFL in the snow. #HanoverNH #HoweLibrary #littlefreelibrary A post shared by Howe Library (@howelibrary) on Jan 17, 2018 at 1:36pm PST View this post on Instagram Another Little Free Library in my neighborhood, spotted on a walk with a friend. I live near 4, actually. I love how enormous this one is. Also saw the owner repainting it one day so it clearly has pride of place. I definitely fall into the ‘book liberator’ camp if you love a book, set it free and pass it on so I am happy seeing Little Free Libraries around town. #littlefreelibrary #myweekof2017 #rhodereaders A post shared by kc (@rhode_reads) on Dec 28, 2017 at 5:16am PST View this post on Instagram New Year and the @littlefreelibraryonrose received some love! Clean and ready for some new books! Come #leaveabookandtakeabook #littlefreelibrary #littlefreelibraryonrosest #burbank #literacy #readmore #LitteFreeLibrary @littlefreelibrary A post shared by LittleFreeLibraryonRose (@littlefreelibraryonrose) on Jan 7, 2018 at 3:49pm PST View this post on Instagram Another Beautifully crafted design Little Free Library with lights in Whitmore Park had a visit from Book Fairy Regina Book. The Chronicles of Naria: The Last Battle was left inside in celebration of #MiniBookShare day. About the book: During the last days of Narnia, the land faces its fiercest challenge- not an invader from without but an enemy from within. Lies and treachery have taken root, and only the king and a small band of loyal followers can prevent the destruction of all they hold dear in this, the magnificent ending to The Chronicles of Narnia. #thechronicleaofnaria #thelastbattle #cslewis #MiniBookShare #ibelieveinbookfairies #bookfairies #thebookfairies #bookfairy #bookfairiesworldwide #libraries #minilibraries #littlefreelibrary #littlefreelibraries #littlelibraries #library #sharebooks #bookfairiessaskatchewan #bookfairiescanada #bookfairyregina #bookworm #saskatchewan #regina #reginasaskatchewan #bookstagram #mustread #lovereading #bookish #childrenbooks #bookfairi esregina A post shared by The Book Fairies Saskatchewan (@bookfairies_saskatchewan) on Nov 4, 2017 at 5:25pm PDT The next time you stumble upon one of these charming little gems, hopefully you’ll have a better understanding of the motive behind the movement. Curious to know where the Little Free Libraries are around you? Check out the world map of all the Little Free Libraries that have been registered within the system. The Little Free Libraries are made possible by direct donations from individuals and organizations to Little Free Library’s Impact Library Program. If you want to learn more about this program and how you can help bring a little library to your community, check out the Little Free Library website. Looking for an online library complete with full summaries and study guides of great literary works? Check out   where our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers!    *Cover image by Gratisography.com

Depend on business plans you analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Depend on business plans you analysis - Essay Example The outline given in the textbook on how to write a business plan has the following segments; Objectives, budget, income statement, cash flow, balance Sheet, Break even analysis, examples, and a summary. These two companies’ business plans have different elements compared to the outline given in class. The only common elements were the costing and the financial analysis. However, there are varied differences with the Ford Motor Company and AMREF business plans. The business plan by AMREF has an executive summary that has a description of the companies plan. An introduction, the mission, and values of the company follow. The partnership descriptions, strategic fundraising, strategic directions, management of the business planning process, monitoring, evaluation and costing are the elements in the plan. On the other hand, the Ford Motor company business plan has an introduction that contains main aspects of the company, its aims, and policies. It has an analysis of the current business environment and its viability plan. The last aspect in the plan is a summary of the issues raised in the plan and responses to questions that had been raised. The style used in the business plan is the official recommended style of writing. In the two online sources, they capture background information about the company, the vision, and objectives. It also contains the business details of the company, services, and products, and financial analysis of the company. The two plans have been written using first pronoun and no cited references. A convincing business plan must be official, written in first-person and in cases where information is outsourced it should be well referenced. The details of a business plan are critical. The way the details have been presented should be in an organized, flawless, and systematic way. This is essential if the plan is to be

Increase in prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Increase in prices - Essay Example However inflation cannot always be termed as "bad" if seen in terms of higher money incomes. The higher prices of everything would result in higher receipts for resource suppliers and hence a growth in their income levels. Inflation usually results in the standard of living to decline because it now costs more to buy the same amount of goods and services. However there are some cases where the rising prices do not necessarily mean declining living standards. Following are some of the factors: Nominal Income: If the economy is suffering from a period of rising prices and at the same time there is a commensurate rise in the level of income, this would not lead to a decline in living standards. This is because the increase in prices is offset by the proportionate increase in income, resulting in an unchanged consumption pattern. This is assuming everything else is constant. Real income: This is the income that is adjusted for inflation. In cases where the nominal income is rising but the rate at which it is growing is less than the inflation rate, it would not lead to a boost in the standard of living. This is because the inflation will erode the purchasing power of money and people will be spending the extra income in the purchasing of the same amount of goods and services. ... Since almost all countries are plagued by inflation, people look at their real income to determine their purchasing power rather than the nominal income. Tax structure: In an economy where there is a favourable tax structure, the spending patterns are high. This is due to the fact that even though inflation is prevalent, people still have more of the disposable income left over after their regular purchases. The spending patterns have a multiplier effect and in turn lead a general boom in the economy. The excess spending means people are demanding more goods and services signalling to the producers to produce more. Since the level of production needs to be increased, producers would demand more labour and more production would thus lead to an increase in the national income of the country. To sum it up, tax breaks given to the people will not lead to a decline in the standard of living even in the presence of rising prices. Labour: If the economy has more of the skilled labour as compared to the unskilled workforce and the labour productivity is high, this would also result in a higher standard of living. This is attributed to the fact that since the labour is skilled it would demand higher wages for each extra output it produces. Since the employers would want to retain the skilled labour, it would have to pay higher wages otherwise the labour would find jobs elsewhere. The higher wages would cause more spending and this would maintain or boost the standard of living even though the economy might be in the grips of inflation. Interest rate: The level of interest rates in an economy is an important factor in determining the spending patterns of the consumers. If the interest rate is low, then borrowing is

The Effectiveness Of UK Anti-Corruption Policy A Research Proposal

The Effectiveness Of UK Anti-Corruption Policy A - Research Proposal Example The article explains that there are several macro-level and cross-country studies, which have focused on the effectiveness of specific anti-corruption strategies (Cooper & Shour, 2012: p126) and on the particular characteristics of countries that have managed to reduce their corruption levels to notably low levels (Burrell et al, 2010: p28). However, it was also noted that most studies of this kind normally provide for correlations, instead of broader causal relationships, especially given the significant differences that occur between different countries and regions. Therefore, in this research study, an attempt will be made to only utilize those evaluations of anti-corruption, which have been carried out at micro-level. This research study will evaluate econometric or observational, quasi-experimental, and experimental studies that have evaluated anti-corruption interventions at the micro-level that had to do with incentives and monitoring, as well as changes to systemic rules in reducing corruption among employees in the public sector in the UK. In searching for relevant literature, the researcher will look for English-language literature that was authored between 2002 and 2013. To do this, a search of major databases like EBSCO, JSTOR, and EconLit, will be carried out, as well as gray sources of literature like ProQuest, Index of Theses, NBER, and IDEAS. In addition, databases and websites of relevant government institutions and organizations will be used, while expert opinions and reference searches will be solicited and conducted respectively.

Immigration and the Immigrant Policy Initiative in Britain and the EU Essay

Immigration and the Immigrant Policy Initiative in Britain and the EU - Essay Example The law, introduced in February 2005, obliged people born outside the European Union and who only had a six-months to one year visa to seek special permission from the Home Ministry to marry even if their partner was a British or an EU national. The plight of the many people caught up in this intricate legal tangle had complained of pain, misery, suffering, and humiliation. The move by the High Court came as a relief to many. Rights campaigners had opposed it saying that it did not make a distinction between genuine and sham marriages and sought to tar all non-EU nationals who applied for marriage as potential fraudsters. The law was challenged when one immigrant was refused permission to marry a woman from within the "European Economic Area" (EEA) who had been living legally in Britain. The court ruled that it was incompatible with human rights law as it did not apply to those who wanted to marry within the Church of England. This amounted to discriminating against people of other faiths, including Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. It was not persuaded by the argument put forward by the Home Office that the exemption for the Church of England was valid because there was no evidence of any sham marriage rackets involving Anglican ceremonies. This act was a knee-jerk reaction based on speculation rather than evidence. The House of Lords complained that the Act had not received proper scrutiny. By this judgment of the High Court, their concerns have proved to be correct. Doctors, other than those from the European Union and favoured countries need to have a work permit under new immigration rules. This is for non-European countries starting July 2006. Those already here and do not have a work permit will have to return to their home country and apply for the same. However, work permit will be given against specific vacancies for which suitable "home-grown" doctors are not available. The move has sparked criticism not only from overseas doctors but also from British medical experts. It is termed as a blow to "Meritocracy" as hospitals would have to give preference to "sons-of-the soil" over better qualified foreign applicants. The decision to scrap the traditional permit-free training arrangement for international doctors is intended to give more opportunities to local doctors and those from the European Union countries. Under the new rules, hospitals will have to show that they are not able to find suitable local candidates. Overseas doctors from non-EU countries will

HR Field Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HR Field - Research Paper Example According to the essay in recent years, this field has attained significant importance throughout the world, as the human resourcing jobs are detrimental in performance evaluation of any organization. Human resourcing as the name suggests, adds a human or people approach to the ways the organizations develop and function in daily life. This profession has gone through substantial changes in recent years and now holds the credit for being one of the best career choices in terms of career growth and progression, salary and benefits, and career outlook. The types of job include both the internal and external to the organization job, as well as the specialist and the generalist human resource practitioners.  This paper outlines that  many organizations enjoy human resource services by the external service providers or the outsourced human resource professionals whereas; other organizations prefer the internal human resource department to carry out the HR jobs and tasks. Generalists u sually have knowledge and expertise on every aspect and perspective of business however, the specialists professional have advanced expertise and greater knowledge on a few aspects of the HR environment. The HR professionals usually hold degree or certification in Human Resource Management however; degrees in related fields of study are beneficial and productive in this regard as well.  The HR field offers steady jobs throughout the career ladder of a human resource professional and bears substantial fruit in every phase or point in one's career.

Immigration and the Immigrant Policy Initiative in Britain and the EU Essay

Immigration and the Immigrant Policy Initiative in Britain and the EU - Essay Example The law, introduced in February 2005, obliged people born outside the European Union and who only had a six-months to one year visa to seek special permission from the Home Ministry to marry even if their partner was a British or an EU national. The plight of the many people caught up in this intricate legal tangle had complained of pain, misery, suffering, and humiliation. The move by the High Court came as a relief to many. Rights campaigners had opposed it saying that it did not make a distinction between genuine and sham marriages and sought to tar all non-EU nationals who applied for marriage as potential fraudsters. The law was challenged when one immigrant was refused permission to marry a woman from within the "European Economic Area" (EEA) who had been living legally in Britain. The court ruled that it was incompatible with human rights law as it did not apply to those who wanted to marry within the Church of England. This amounted to discriminating against people of other faiths, including Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. It was not persuaded by the argument put forward by the Home Office that the exemption for the Church of England was valid because there was no evidence of any sham marriage rackets involving Anglican ceremonies. This act was a knee-jerk reaction based on speculation rather than evidence. The House of Lords complained that the Act had not received proper scrutiny. By this judgment of the High Court, their concerns have proved to be correct. Doctors, other than those from the European Union and favoured countries need to have a work permit under new immigration rules. This is for non-European countries starting July 2006. Those already here and do not have a work permit will have to return to their home country and apply for the same. However, work permit will be given against specific vacancies for which suitable "home-grown" doctors are not available. The move has sparked criticism not only from overseas doctors but also from British medical experts. It is termed as a blow to "Meritocracy" as hospitals would have to give preference to "sons-of-the soil" over better qualified foreign applicants. The decision to scrap the traditional permit-free training arrangement for international doctors is intended to give more opportunities to local doctors and those from the European Union countries. Under the new rules, hospitals will have to show that they are not able to find suitable local candidates. Overseas doctors from non-EU countries will

Robin Hood Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Robin Hood Case - Assignment Example This ensures that Robin is always can always plan ahead of the Sheriff and each of the Sheriff’s moves will be reactionary. Robin Hood’s key problem is that of infinite resources within Sherwood Forest as a result of change of route by the more wealthy travellers. Following what currently is in place is not sustainable as the lack of resources including insufficient rations will continue to bite and the group will eventually disintegrate. The two characters need a new plan which will uplift their current situation and ensure that they remain true to their pursuit of justice ideals. Applying a uniform tax to all travellers as suggested by Robin Hood will work to ensure that the group loses its key support base of the farmers and the poor. Robin’s last proposition seems to make much more sense in light of the current situation. What is logical is to partner with the rich barons who have the ability and resources to sustain the Merrymen and in exchange, Robin takes up the political course to free King Richard. This is definitely a bad idea as the exercise will now target Robin’s key support base of the poor and the farmers. This is a common pitfall for even established organizations who after sometime start to take for granted their key customers. A similar scenario is replicated when Robin opts to attack his main stay of political support – the poor travellers and famers. The pros of accepting this offer includes the fact that Robin will now have more resources for the welfare of the Merrymen. Another pro emerges in the coalition that will be formed as a result of this cooperation. A working relationship between Robin and the Barons will isolate the Sheriff and Prince John. The cons include the possible loss of focus as now Robin will be forced to concentrate on two concurrent causes, one against the Sheriff and the other directed towards liberating King Richard. Association with the

The Effects of Government Intervention Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Government Intervention Essay What is the government? What is the role of the government? How does the government influence the economy? What can we say about the effects of the government influence in Romania? These are some of the questions that we  will try to answer during our case of study. We are citizens of a society, and our society is based on proper rules enacted and enforced by the high powers of our states. We need to act responsibly and inform ourselves, as much as we can, regarding this problem. The people from the government, how did they get there? How is the government organized? How are they elected? By which criteria are these people elected? What are their attributes and what are their initiatives? We must know if they directly influence our lives, our economy! Taxes, import and export restrictions, tariffs, wholesale interest rates are only a part of the government’s duties to be established. Is the government’s money, in fact our money? And if they are our money, how do they spend it, on what, and why? These are some things that must concern us. And now, we should focus on our country, Romania, and, of course, on ourselves. Even though Romania is a country of considerable potential in most of the fields, its economy is very fragile. Our economy is strong related to the European economy, and some of these connections between our economy and the international economy are made by the government. Most of the people tend to blemish the president, the government, the parliament etc. for the fragility of our economy, and to us it might seem not to work, but we have to bear in mind that this is the effect of the whole nation’s actions and of the world’s as well. In the pages that follow we presented subjectively and objectively our ideas concerning the effects of the government’s influence on Romania’s economy, starting with explaining that is the government and which is the government’s role in the economy. The Government Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized. Government is the means by  which state policy is enforced, as well as the mechanism for determining the policy of the state. A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include regime type and system of government. The word government is derived from the Latin verb gubernare, an infinitive meaning to govern or to manage. The Government is the public authority of executive power that functions on the basis of the vote of confidence granted by Parliament, ensures the achievement of the countrys domestic and foreign policy and that exercises the general leadership of public administration. The Government is appointed by the President of Romania on the basis of the vote of confidence granted to the Government by Parliament. Objectives The Government has the role of ensuring balanced functioning and development of national economic and social system, and its connection to the world economic system while promoting national interests. The Government is organized and operates in accordance with constitutional provisions, on the basis of the Government program approved by Parliament. Organization The Government consists of Prime Minister and Ministers. Prime Minister leads the Government and coordinates the activities of its members, in compliance with their legal duties. The working apparatus of the Government is composed of the working apparatus of the Prime Minister, Secretariat General of the Government, departments and other similar organizational structures with specific tasks set by Government Decision. Legislative process The Government adopts decisions and ordinances. Decisions are issued for law enforcement organization. Ordinances are issued under a special enabling law, within the limits and conditions specified by it. The decisions and ordinances adopted by the Government are signed by Prime Minister, countersigned by the Ministers who are duty bound to implement them and are published in the Official Gazette. The non publication entails the absence of a decision or ordinance. Decisions with military character shall be conveyed only to the institutions concerned. Legislative initiatives The following public authorities have the right to initiate draft public policy documents and draft legislative acts for adoption / approval by the Government, according to their tasks and activity field: Ministries and other specialized bodies of central public administration, subordinated to the Government, and autonomous administrative authorities; specialized bodies of central public administration subordinated or coordinated by Ministries, by the Ministries under whose subordination or coordination they are; Prefects, county councils, the General Council of Bucharest, according to the law, through the Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform. Governments Role in the Economy While consumers and producers make most decisions that mold the economy, government activities have a powerful effect on the Romanian economy in at least five areas. Stabilization and Growth. Perhaps most importantly, the federal government guides the overall pace of economic activity, attempting to maintain steady growth, high levels of employment, and price stability. By adjusting spending and tax rates (fiscal policy) or managing the money supply and controlling the use of credit (monetary policy), it can slow down or speed up the economys rate of growth in the process, affecting the level of prices and employment. The government could affect the economy in multiple ways, but the most common changes that can be made to influence the economy are: (1) Taxes; (2) Import Restrictions; (3) Wholesale Interest Rates; and (4) Government Speeding. TAXES Taxation understandably affects the economy by redistributing money from consumers and producers to the government coffers. The higher the tax, the less people have to spend, the less aggregate demand [total demand] there is in the economy. IMPORT RESTRICTIONS When a country uses protectionism to shield domestic producers from their own inefficiency and inability to compete with foreign firms, they may enact quotas or tariffs. A quota is when there is a maximum amount of a good that can be imported into the country, where imports that exceed the limit have either the responsible parties prosecuted for breaking the law or the goods being turned away. Tariffs are when the price of imports is artificially inflated with a tax, in order to make them less attractive to consumers that are price sensitive. The higher the quotas and tariffs, the higher the prices of those penalised goods in the economy, which in turn will negatively affect aggregate demand. WHOLESALE INTEREST RATES Wholesale interest rates are the rates at which the central bank loans out money to retail banks, which in turn loan out their money to consumers and producers at a higher rate (the difference, in a very basic sense, is their profit margin, or revenue minus costs). If the wholesale interest rates are increased, then retail banks must also increase their rates, otherwise their business would become less profitable (or unprofitable). For large purchases, producers (e.g. investments) and consumers (e.g. buying a home) need loans, since they do not have sufficient cash on-hand. Interest rates are effectively the price of borrowing money and hence affects the Consumption and Investment components of GDP (Consumption + Investment + Govt. Spending + Net Exports). (A small caveat, however, that central banks are created by legislation but are not run by government their actions are independent of politicians agendas.) GOVERNMENT SPENDING Government Speeding (revenues taken from taxes, mentioned above) creates what is known as the Spending Multiplier. When the government consumes, called Government Spending, it is demanding goods and services in the economy. However, that demand in turn generates more demand than a single consume, because of not only the size of the demand (the government has a lot more money than you do) but also the type of demand (e.g. building infrastructure benefits everybody, as opposed to building a private mansion); government spending affects aggregate demand. The spending  multiplier, or how much additional demand is generated from each dollar of government spending, is calculated as follows: Change in Equilibrium divided by Change in Investment. Case Study – Romania Romania is a country of considerable potential: rich agricultural lands, diverse energy sources (coal, oil, natural gas, hydro, and nuclear), a substantial industrial base encompassing almost the full range of manufacturing activities, an educated work force, and opportunities for expanded development in tourism on the Black Sea and in the Carpathian Mountains. The Romanian Government borrowed heavily from the West in the 1970s to build a substantial state-owned industrial base. Following the 1979 oil price shock and a debt rescheduling in 1981, Ceausescu decreed that Romania would no longer be subject to foreign creditors. By the end of 1989, Romania had paid off a foreign debt of about $10.5 billion through an unprecedented effort that wreaked havoc on the economy and living standards. Vital imports were slashed and food and fuel strictly rationed, while the government exported everything it could to earn hard currency. With investment slashed, Romanias infrastructure fell behind its historically poorer Balkan neighbours. Since the fall of the Ceausescu regime in 1989, successive governments sought to build a Western-style market economy. The pace of restructuring was slow, but by 1994 the legal basis for a market economy was largely in place. After the 1996 elections, the coalition government attempted to eliminate consumer subsidies, float prices, liberalize exchange rates, and put in place a tight monetary policy. The Parliament enacted laws permitting foreign entities incorporated in Romania to purchase land. Foreign capital investment in Romania had been increasing rapidly until 2008, although it remained less in per capita terms than in some other countries of East and Central Europe. Romania was the largest U.S. trading partner in Eastern Europe until Ceausescus 1988 renunciation of most favoured nation (MFN, or non-discriminatory) trading status resulted in high U.S. tariffs on Romanian products. Congress approved restoration of MFN status effective November 8, 1993, as part of a new bilateral trade agreement. Tariffs on most Romanian products dropped to zero in February 1994, with the inclusion of Romania in the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). Major Romanian exports to the U.S. include shoes, clothing, steel, and chemicals. Romania signed an Association Agreement with the European Union (EU) in 1992 and a free trade agreement with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) in 1993, codifying Romanias access to European markets and creating the basic framework for further economic integration. At its Helsinki Summit in December 1999, the European Union invited Romania to formally begin accession negotiations. In December 2004, the European Commission concluded pre-accession negotiations with Romania. In April 2005, the EU signed an accession treaty with Romania and its neighbour, Bulgaria, and in January 2007, they were both welcomed as new EU members. Romania suffered through a deep economic recession beginning with the 2008 global financial crisis, but should return to positive if very modest growth by the end of 2011. Due to rapidly deteriorating economic conditions, a ballooning budget deficit, and large external imbalances, the Romanian Government was forced to conclude a 2-year, $27 billion financial assistance package with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the European Commission, and the World Bank in March 2009. Under the terms agreed with the IMF, the Romanian Government embarked on a difficult austerity program to reduce the budget deficit, cut public sector employment, and restructure local and national government agencies. Austerity measures included a 25% cut in public sector wages, a hike in the national value added tax (VAT) rate from 19% to 24%, and thousands of layoffs. GDP declined by 7.1% in 2009 and a further 1.3% in 2010, but the government succeeded in meeting IMF-agreed deficit targets despite strong op position to the austerity measures from labour unions. In late 2010 and early 2011 the government also pushed several important pieces of reform legislation through Parliament, including  pension reforms, an overhaul of public sector pay systems, and modernization of the labour code. The final IMF review under the 2009 agreement, conducted in February 2011, declared the agreement a â€Å"success† in stabilizing the economy and setting the stage for a return to growth. A new 2-year â€Å"precautionary† agreement between Romania and the IMF, effective March 2011, focuses on deepening structural reforms and restructuring or privatizing unprofitable state-owned enterprises. Privatization of industry was first pursued with the transfer in 1992 of 30% of the shares of some 6,000 state-owned enterprises to five private ownership funds, in which each adult citizen received certificates of ownership. The remaining 70% ownership of the enterprises was transferred to a state ownership fund. With the assistance of the World Bank, European Union, and IMF, Romania succeeded in privatizing most industrial state-owned enterprises, including some large state-owned energy companies. Romania completed the privatization of the largest commercial bank (BCR) in 2006. Two state-owned banks remain in Romania, Eximbank and the National Savings Bank (CEC), after an attempt to privatize CEC Bank was indefinitely postponed in 2006. Four of the countrys eight regional electricity distributors have now been privatized. Privatization of natural gas distribution companies also progressed with the sale of Romanias two regional gas distributors, Distrigaz Nord (to E.ON Ruhrgas of Germany) and Distrigaz Sud (to Gaz de France). Further progress in energy sector privatization has been delayed as the government is contemplating the creation of two integrated, state-owned energy producers. However, this â€Å"bundling† scheme has been challenged in court and is also under review by the Romanian Competition Council and by competition authorities at the European Commission. Romania has a nuclear power plant at Cernavoda, with one nuclear reactor in operation since 1996 and a second one commissioned in the fall of 2007. The return of collectivized farmland to its cultivators, one of the first initiatives of the post-December 1989 revolution government, resulted in a short-term decrease in agricultural production. Some four million small parcels representing 80% of the arable surface were returned to original  owners or their heirs. Many of the recipients were elderly or city dwellers, and the slow progress of granting formal land titles remains an obstacle to leasing or selling land to active farmers. Financial and technical assistance continues to flow from the U.S., European Union, other industrial nations, and international financial institutions facilitating Romanias reintegration into the world economy. The IMF, World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), and European Investment Bank (EIB) all have programs and resident representatives in Romania. U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) programs were phased out completely in 2008, except for Small Project Assistance Grants, which are still available through the Peace Corps. According to the National Office of the Trade Register, which measures foreign direct capital registered and disbursed to firms, between 1990 and November 2010 Romania attracted a total of $37.91 billion in foreign direct investment, of which the U.S. represented 2.59%. The actual level of U.S. investment, however, is underreported as much of it flows to Romania through European subsidiaries of U.S. companies. After years of consistently high inflation in the 1990s, Romanias inflation rate steadily decreased through 2004, only to rise again along with high GDP growth rates of 4% to 8% through 2008. The deep recession beginning in late 2008 dramatically reduced inflationary pressures, but the VAT tax hike from 19% to 24% imposed in mid-2010 reversed that trend and pushed prices higher. Stoked also by rising global food and energy prices, inflation hit an annualized rate of 8% at the end of 2010, the highest in the EU. The IMF has been critical of Romanias low rate of tax collection and poor enforcement mechanisms as a medium- to long-term impediment to growth. Tax arrears are slightly decreasing, but Romania still has one of the lowest percentages in the EU of revenues collected, at 33% of GDP in 2010. The current account deficit had been a concern, as it reached 13.6% of GDP in 2007 and 12.4% of GDP in 2008. However, due to the recession, the current account deficit dropped to 4.2% of GDP in 2010. Deteriorating education and health services and aging and inadequate physical infrastructure continue to be seen as threats to future growth. Sometimes a picture is worth a thousand words Conclusion As a conclusion we can say that government’s intervention in the economy can have both a positive and a negative influence on the market. Government intervention does not always end up the way it was intended or the way in which economist’s theories say it would. A fascinating part in the study of Economics is that the law of unintended consequences often comes into play – events can affect a particular policy, and consumers and businesses rarely behave precisely in the way in which the government might want! We will consider this in more detail when we consider government failure. One important thing to remember is that the effects of different forms of government intervention in markets are never neutral thus financial support given by the government to one set of producers rather than another will always create winners and losers. Taxing one product more than another will similarly have different effects on different groups of consumers. A concret example of too much government intervention is the following. Let’s assume that in a time of recession, a government makes and agreement with the banks to lower interest rates and people will start buying houses and other goods on loan. As time goes by, government debt also rises and thus they will be obliged to print out their own money. Printing their own money has a negative impact on the inflation rate and money value will go down. Also, after the recession, the interest rates will go up again and people will end up losing their previously bought goods. Nevertheless in most cases, the government’s intervention proved to be efficient and actually helped the market economy. It all depends on the people that take the decisions and they need to take into consideration any factors that can influence the result of their decision. The European Union provides me the best opportunity to connect with people Europe and to develop my ability of communication. I think is very important to get in touch with different people from different cultures and different countries.

The History Of Special Effects Film Studies Essay

The History Of Special Effects Film Studies Essay Movie Special Effects as such had very humble beginnings. Special effects are the various tricks used in the movies,television and theatre or entertaintment industries to create imaginary events in a story by technicians and cinematographer, while interfering with their equipment, which unexpectedly came up with some new effectsry events. The two types of special effects are optical effects and mechanical effects. Photographic effect are the techniques where images or film frames are developed photographically, either using multiple exposure in camera , mattes, or the Schufftan process, or during post-production processes using an optical printer, it is also known as optical effect. We create different and unrealictic background and place actors against them. Effects created or done during live action or shooting of a film are called Mechanical effects or practical or physical effects action shooting, we use of mechanized props, scenery, scale models, pyrotechnics and Atmospheric Effects: creating physical wind, rain, fog, snow, clouds etc. Visual effects  (commonly shortened to  Visual F/X  or  VFX) are the various processes by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shoot. The integration and combination of live-action footage and generated imagery to create realistic environments is known as visual effects which would be rather dangerous, costly, or simply impossible to capture on film. Computer- Generated Imagery (CGI) is used for visual effects. History: Invention of Effects: In 1856, by combining different sections of 32 negatives into a single image the first and foremost trick photograph was created by Oscar Rejlader. And in the year 1895 Alfred Clark created the first-ever motion picture special effect. In 1896, French magician Georges Melies discovered a trick called stop trick(a type of photographic trickery, possible only in a motion picture) which caused a truck to turn into a hearse; pedestrians were shown changing direction and men turned into women Meliess was filming a street scene in Paris when his camera jammed. After screening the film, he accidentally discovered the stop trick. More effects like multiple exposures, time-lapse photography dissolves and hand painted colour were also developed by Melies in between 1914. Norman Dawn discovered some of the main innovations in the field of special effects on the matte shot from 1910 to 1920. Pieces of cardboard were placed to block the exposure of the film, which would be exposed later to produce original matte shot. He combined this technique with the glass shot. Dawn simply painted certain areas black to obstruct any light from exposing the film rather than using cardboard to block certain segments of the film exposure. During the 1920s and 30s, the motion picture refined and improved and innovated the special effects techniques. Many techniques such as the Schufftan process- were modifications of illusions from the theatre (such as peppers ghost) and still photography (such as double exposure and matte compositing). The refinement or a little imporvement of , substituting moving pictures to make moving backgrounds by using painted backgrounds in the theatre, was known as rear projection. Life casting of faces was imported from traditional mask making. There was advancement in the fields of makeup; different types of masks could be created which fit the actor perfectly. New tricks and techniques were developed, such as the stop trick, which was original to motion pictures. Animation can create the illusion of motion, with drawings and with three-dimensional models, like Gertie the Dinosaur, the Last World, King Kong etc. Miniatures are simulating the spectacle in motion. Battle scenes could be created or depicted with models in studio itself. Without risking anyones life or anything else tanks and airplanes could be flown and crashed. Quite impressively, miniatures models and matte paintings could be used to depict imaginary worlds that never existed or will. This is the most impressive thing about special effects that we can create anything by its help. Fritz Langs film Metropolis was the earliest special effects spectacular film in which miniatures was used in an innovative manner, and other effects like matte paintings, complex compositing and the Schufftan process were used. Optical printer is an important innovation in special-effects photography. We use an optical printer as a projector to create copies of films for distribution which aims into a camera lens. In order to create refinements in the effects technique the development of colour photography played an important role, with the help of colour photography , techniques travelling like matte techniques such as blue or green screen and the sodium vapour process were developed. Some of the examples like matte paintings, animation, miniature, etc. were used in the film Forbidden Planet to create an alien environment. In The Ten Commandments, John P. Fulton, A.S.C., generated more people in the crowds of extras in the Exodus scenes with careful compositing, the massive construction of the Rameses was depicted using models, and the Red Sea was shown spilt in a still-impressive combination of travelling mattes and water tanks. Many new special effects were developed during 1950 and 1960, it dramatically increased the level of realism and realistic environment in science fiction films which was quite an achievemant. Films could be establishing a new high-bench mark for special effects, it would be 1968s 2001: A Space Odyssey, directed by Stanley Kubrick, who assembled his own effects team. In this film, small miniatures spaceship were created, they were highly detailed and carefully photographed for a realistic view. For the shots of spaceships hand drawn rotoscopes and careful motion-control work were carefully combined to ensure that the elements in the film were precisely set in the camera which was a surprising throwback to the silent era, but it created mind blowing and spectacular results. In the film Dawn of Man backgrounds of the African vistas sequence were combined with soundstage photography via the then new front projection technique. In order to create zero-gravity environments scenes, sets wer e staged or made with hidden wires, mirror shots, and large-scale rotating sets. To create hallucinogenic scenery and scenes a new technique termed slit-scan was used, which was created by Douglas Trumbull. During the industrys recession in the late 1960s and early 1970s, many studios closed down and so did their in-house effects houses. Many technicians became freelancers or founded their own effects companies, which specialized on many techniques like optical , animation, etc There was two science fiction and fantasy films which were blockbuster success in 1977. George Lucass Star Wars bought in an era of fantasy and sc-fi films with expensive and impressive special effects. Effects supervisor John Dykstra, A.S.C. and crew members created many improvements and innovations in the prevailing effects technology. A computer-controlled camera rig called the Dykstraflex which allowed detailed repetition of camera motion; it greatly facilitated travelling-matte compositing and creation. Film images were degraded during composition which was greatly minimized by other innovations. The widescreen images or scenes were photographed horizontally using far more films per frame along stock; by Dykstraflex using Vista Vision cameras, and for the composition process thinner-emulsion film stocks were used. The effects crew which was assembled by Lucas and Dykstra had dubbed Industrial Light and Magic and since 1977 has lead to the creation of many innovations in the fiel ds of effects. In the same year, veteran Douglas Trumbull created most impressive special effects in Steven Spielbergs film Close Encounter of the Third Kind. Trumbull developed his own motion-control system techniques for creating intentional Len Flare( its the shapes created by light reflecting in camera lenses) which provided the films with indefinable and true like shapes and images of flying saucers or alien spaceships. Special effects success created new technique like CGI (Computer Generated Imagery) came up. Computer generated effects or CGI are more controllable than other more physically based processes, shots and hiring extras for CGI is mostly used for construction of miniatures for effects shots and for hiring extras for crowd scenes visual effects. With the help of CGI we can create images that cannot be feasible or possible without other technology. This techniques was first used in movies like 1973s Westworld, it was a science-fiction film were robots live and work among humans in the same society, in its sequel 3D Wireframe imagery was first used .

Is Abortion Wrong or is it Right? :: abortion argumentative persuasive argument

Abortion is defined as: "the termination of pregnancy and expulsion of an embryo or of a fetus that is incapable of survival." However, if only the debate over the abortion issue was as simple as the definition provided above. Much like every aspect of human life, a statement is neither right nor wrong, but simply left open for interpretation. There is no black and white in life, only gray areas. Some issues tend to provide us more gray areas than others. Abortion is a prime example of that. Those who refute abortion claim that it is the murder of a helpless baby who has not yet had the chance to live and function as a human being. However, the debate opposite it is just as fervent: it is a woman's right to choose what happens to her body, and if she decides that she is not capable of bringing a child into this world, than she shouldn't be forced to out of nature. Where do we draw the line between humane and inhumane, necessitated death and murder? When does a woman's right over her internal reproductive organs become that of the government's? Is abortion wrong or is it right? Are rape, incest,and potential fatality to the mother exceptions when abortion is "okay"? Are there truly any at all? So many questions are raised by such a fervent debate, that we must look at both sides of the issue to better understand it in a general, but yet thorough approach. As expected, there are many people that are opposed to abortion. These people are better referred to as "pro-life advocates", or essentially, they advocate the life of the baby over the woman's right to choose. Groups such as Human Life International (HLI), The Christian Coalition, and many others support the right of human life. There are several reasons why people who are pro-life do not support abortion. A main argument is that one is killing an unborn baby, murdering an unsuspecting life, in their decision to have an abortion. They are trying to "play God" by killing someone. However, they also feel that abortion is a dangerous procedure, and puts the mother at

Cyberculture and the Future of Print :: Technology Writing Technological Papers

The technology that is available to the public today is mind-blowing. In my lifetime alone, I have seen astounding technological progress: from the home computer to the DVD player, to truly surreal medical breakthroughs. A new era is taking hold of society. We are faster, better educated, richer, and livelonger. All of these things can be attributed to the technological advances that have occurred within the last fifty years. Thanks to the â€Å"modern marvels† of our time, we can watch big-screen quality movies in our own homes, brew an awesome cup of French espresso without leaving the kitchen, and cooler still—communicate with someone in China, without ever picking up the phone or using a pen. Although electronic mail (a.k.a. email) is mainly used, at least in societies perception, for â€Å"quick† (and therefore not terribly important) conversations, I believe email has an important role precisely because it gets rid of the quick and unimportant details before face-to-face communication can take place. Allowing the face-to-face communication to focus more on significant issues. Erin Karper, a graduate student at Purdue University, writes this about an interview she conducted with a fellow student: Yes, I think [email] is important. I think that it allows us to prepare in advance for face-to-face meetings by allowing people to enter the conversation in a written mode, perhaps more carefully and well stated compared with the time-limited, real-time, face-to-face group discourse. So, what I am saying†¦I think email is important because it allows for pre-meeting communication that is of a different nature in terms of turn taking, temporality, and so forth. This different nature allows for more participation and more diverse modes of communication centering upon a given issue. I am not a knowledgeable user of technology; nor can I even claim to be an efficient one, but some technology I admit I can’t live without; such as: Microsoft word and, my best friend, email—though I use it for personal and educational correspondence; not nearly as fancy as Erin and her colleagues. I’m a busy person, and don’t have time for face-to-face communication with my friends and family, and I definitely don’t have the time to write and mail a letter. Email is an excellent alternative to face-to-face meetings, phone calls, and letters. I can describe important details of my day to people who mean the most to me, or I can update a classmate on upcoming assignments.

Developmental Writing Stages

Introduction The learning process of reading, writing and speaking for children are taught at home and at school. While reading often begins with recognizing the letters of the alphabet and matching appropriate letters to the sounds, the writing process is a method of connecting words to print. When a child starts to hold a crayon, his process of learning to write commences. As writing is a developmental process that children go through at their own pace each writing stage is an important experience that offers children the time to explore and experiment with their own writing.These stages overlap as children progress and reach the writing stages at different ages. Developmental Stages of Writing Based on the works of Richard Gentry and â€Å"The Conventions of Writing Developmental Scale†, there are eight stages of writing development namely: scribbling, letter-like symbols, strings of letters, beginning sounds emerge, consonant represent words, initial, middle and final soun ds, transitional phases and standard spelling (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007). At the scribbling stage, the child’s markings are large, circular, random, resembles drawing and includes exploratory movements (ibid.). Marks are often light colored and are the result of banging the drawing tool on paper, dragging, or sweeping as the child is just starting to get acquainted with the tool (Bailer, 2003). As the child draws, his or her attention may be elsewhere. At the letter-like symbol stage, spacing is rarely present and the child begins to produce letter-like forms that show some similarity to the letters that are randomly placed and interspersed with numbers (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007).The children can also discuss their own drawings or writings (Crosby & Ongie, (n. d). Children write some legible letters in capital letters that do not have appropriate matching of letter and sound at the string of letter phase (Meek & Vandermeer, 2000). The writings do not have spacing and the first letters to appear in their writing are usually found in their names. Although unrecognizable, children may attempt to read their message (McCardle, 2008)At the beginning sounds emerge stage, children begin to see the difference between a letter and a word, but they do not use spacing between words (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007). Their message makes sense and it matches the picture, especially when they personally choose the topic (ibid. ). The children use some letters to match sounds and use a beginning letter to represent the whole word (McCardle, 2008). At this stage, children tend to reverse letters and words as they explore the physical properties of print (Crosby & Ongie, (n.d). The consonants represent words stage shows that children begin to leave spaces between their words, may often mix upper and lowercase letters in their writing and write sentences that tell ideas (Fox Chapel Area School District , 2008; Hudon, 2007). At this stage, they write words with beginning and ending sounds and spell some high frequency words correctly (McCardle, 2008). This is also known as the semiphonetic stage where children write with appropriate letter and sound matching and with spacing between words (Meek & Vandermeer, 2000).Children who are at the initial, middle and final sounds phase may spell correctly some sight words, siblings' names, and environmental print but other words are spelled the way they sound (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007). This is also the phonetic stage whereby children write with appropriate letter and sound matching for all audible phonemes in each word (Meek & Vandermeer, 2000). A readable, interspersed with words writings that follows the standard form and letter patterns are at the transitional phase (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007).This writing also approaches conventional spelling (ibid. ). Children at this stage are writing words the way they sound, leave spaces between words, use punctuation marks, spell many high frequency words correctly and write one of more sentences (McCardle, 2008). Finally, at the standard spelling phase, children can spell most words correctly and are developing an understanding of root words, compound words, contractions and spelling patterns (Fox Chapel Area School District, 2008; Hudon, 2007; Meek & Vandermeer, 2000).This is also known as the conventional stage of writing. Conclusion All children go through the developmental stages of writing. Although some may be more advanced than the other, all children will go through the stages at different ages as each child is unique. It is important to prepare the young children’s mind and body by incorporating some home and school activities that will help them explore the printed form of language. References Bailer, K. (2003). Developmental Stages of Scribbling. Great Barrington, MA Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://k-play.com/pdf/The%20Developmental%20Sta.pdf. Crosby, J. & Ongie, A. (n.d.). Early Writing Experiences: A Parent’s Guide to Early Writing Experiences for Preschoolers. East Tennessee State University Child Study Center. Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://sig.cls.utk.edu/Products/SIG_Early_Writing_Experiences_Flyer.pdf. Fox Chapel Area School District (2008). The Developmental Stages of Writing. Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://www.fcasd.edu/j_district/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=773&Itemid=98 Hudon, L. (2007). Knowing Your Child as a Writer. Yarbrough Elementary School. Auburn, AL. Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://www.auburnschools.org/yarbrough/lphudon/Reading%20Coach/knowingyourwriter.htm McCardle, L. (2008). Early Writing Development. Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://www.lindaslearninglinks.com/earlywrtgdev.html Meek, N. and Vandermeer, M. (2000). Process Writing. Rockets Fern Bluff Elementary, Round Rock ISD. Retrieved April 23, 2008 from http://teacherweb.com/TX/BlacklandPrairieElementary/MrsTamaraBrinkley/ProcessWriting.ppt.   

Regency Plaza Essay

Regency Hotel Group (RHG) is a well reputed and successful operator in the hotel industry. They have experience on managing resources and controlling the Regency Plaza project. But they have faced several problems such as Unhappy Customers, Slow Sales Growth, Increasing Costs, Work Delays and Internal Conflicts. The reason for all those problems is poor planning. When proper planning and project management well established, Its very easy to schedule and coordinate the process. Then any problem can be identified and solved less expensively in a short time period. This would help to utilize resources economically and save up more time to finish the work successfully in the completion of the project. RHG has reputed brand name with their Good Service, Luxury and wide range of facilities given to their customers. Any distraction or delay of this project would fail the reputation of Regency Hotel Group. This report will express the importance of close relation between organization’ s strategic mission and the Project Management. Also will state to which extent the Regency Plaza project has managed and giving a good example for future Project Managers. Introduction Introduction to the company The Regency Hotel Group was located in major urban centers throughout the world & it was well-known for both its emphasis on service & the wide range of the conveniences that it offered in this hotel. They had developed all of its hotel properties in the past and now it was a mixed use project, this would be the first project & that would include condominium units. The project manager of the regency plaza was decided to build the maximum of 96 units, averaging 1,400 square feet, rather than fewer but larger units. Introduction to the report This project initially targeted toward wealthy couples in late middle age. The hotel project was not success the condominium sales were slow & the local economy appeared to be weakening & also, this project was at the back schedule & over budgeted, the cost estimating changes did not run through, the number & frequency of changes that were taking place on this project & also, lot of buyers were complain about the slower service, delaying closing & the bad workmanship. So, we have to analysis this project under these four questions. Analysis 1. Evaluate the project definition phase of the Regency Plaza project. How do the problems that emerged during the project relate to how the project definition phase was managed? During the design process, managing construction, managing marketing and in the current situation Regency Plaza project team had to face many problems and they took actions to prevent these issues. The actions taken during the project have explained below. The Design Process The Regency, KDS, the Boston Redevelopment Authority and vocal neighbourhood groups involved to the discussions for design process of condominiums. Hodgkins first challenge was number, size and type of condominium units that he could offer to the buyers. There were different ideas about number of unit. Farely suggested it should be 72 units and KDS’s view was it should be 96 units. But Hodgkins decided to build 96 units which could gain more profits. Managing construction Kelly had a huge work load to handle and because of that she divided the workload among few subcontractors. To approve the contract, project team needed subcontractors to produce a floor plan showing all the necessary things and completing time of the contract. Though this cycle took around one month, project team needed to know that they are in the right path. Marketing Hodgkins used a comprehensive marketing and service programme to introduce condominiums to the customers. They have committed to a high level of  customer service and the strategy was to customize condominiums according to the buyer’s interest. Hodgkins did not except big changes that would disrupt other condominiums owners and the guests and she hoped buyers would change their condominiums by themselves after the completion of the building. Thus she did not start discussions about the customization with buyers by thinking changes would be cut off. The current situation The condominium project became slow due to the movement of workers to the hotel area, because the hotel area needed to speed up their work to finish the project before July 15th according to the schedule. The relationship among Hodgkins and Kelly became weak during the project period due to the increase of costs and design changes. Grogan, Kelly’s project manager also became frustrated because of the increase of specialty items and unusual details. The project manager of Regency hotel, Jeff Cunningham was also behind the schedule due to lack of man power. Thus there were arguments between Cunningham and Grogan, because Grogan used more man power due to the constant changes. There was a problem of hard wood flooring and Cunningham asked Grogan to replace the flooring. But Grogan said it was Cunningham’s responsibility. This was caused to a conflict between Cunningham and Grogan. The sales of condominiums went slowly. Only 30 units out of 96 units have been pre-sold, beca use there target market was wealthy couple in late middle age. So Hodgkins wanted to gain more sales by minimizing the cost. 2. Evaluate the role of the project manager (Kris Hodgkins) in the case. What skillsdo you think are required to be the project manager for the Regency Condominium Development project? How well do you think that Kris Hodgkins meets these skill requirements? Do you think Kris Hodgkins was a good project manager? Project manager is the person who has responsibility till the project is completed with the help of the project team. Project management helps to guide the people and the process to finish the project successfully. There are some qualities that project leader should have such as planning, organizing, controlling, leading, communicating, motivating and customer awareness. Planning A project manager should have a clear plan to achieve the success of the project. He should have clear objectives to motivate others to be actively involved to the project. Kris did not have any contingency plan to implement if something went wrong with the Kelly’s schedule of 32 months. Organizing Here the project manager should consider time schedules, resource allocation and required performances. He should inform job scope, tasks and responsibilities to the project team members to get the maximum result from them. She purchased required items such as elevators and marbles earlier which take long time to receive. She was well organized with labour resource when needs. There were 250 construction workers at a time on the condominium floors. But Regency plaza condominium project went slow, because they could not follow the time schedules. This affects to the budget of the whole project. Controlling There should be a management information system to exchange information among the project team and monitor and control the ongoing project all the time. The project manager should always compare actual budget over planes budget and discuss regularly progress of the project with team members. But in Regency Plaza project, there was no good relationship between Hodgkin and Kelly. They didn’t discuss about the progress regularly. Because of that they couldn’t identify the future problems. Though she did not consider the above issues, she has retained 10% pay request to show some controlling over Kelly constructions. Leading This is important to guide the team to complete the project in efficient effective manner. The team member should be encouraged and inspired to get the maximum performance. But,  Hodgkins couldn’t get the maximum use of his team, though she had a well-qualified team. She didn’t lead her team well in there was no togetherness. Therefore conflicts have being occurred. In the case Susan  Randolph, the interior designer of the Regency didn’t agree with Hodgkins and Grogan because she felt they were both focused on speed and efficiency rather than quality. There was a conflict betweenSinclaire and Hodgkins because Hodgkins asked to cut down on tom’s billable hours. As a project manager Hodgkins should her attention more to reduce conflicts. Communication Communication is the important factor in projectmanagement. Projectmanager should able to send right massage to right person effectively. If not there will be more conflicts among members and expected result will not be achieved. But, Hodgkins did not make any meeting; she just sent letters to the buyers informing packages of condominiums. Hodgkins asked Sinclaire to do changes with incomplete information. If she maintained a good relationship with buyers, she could prevent the issues and complaints of the buyers. Motivation Project manager should recognize individual’s specific skills and talents. The team members should be appreciated,recognized, encouraged and inspired to achieve the project goals. Members can be motivated by giving incentives and feedback of the performance. In this project Hodgkins shows poor motivation skills. Shecut downSinclair’s billable hours but it was not fair because forwarded designs to him were incomplete. Customer Awareness Every organization’s ultimate target is to attract more customers and to gain more profits. Therefore this project also should follow the same strategy. They tried provide individual customization but they did not consider needs and wants of the properly. As this was a big project they should have to take idea of the customers. But they fail to do so, because of that only 30 out of 96 pre-sold and that project was behind schedule and over budget. He should have done a market research to find out the interests and attitudes of the people. Kris Hodgkinshad to face many problems and conflicts as a project manager but he was unable to take right decisions at the right time. Those decisions directly affected to the final result of the project. Considering above explanations if KrisHodgkins took better decisions, project would achieve expected results. 3. Evaluate how well risk was managed in the Regency Plaza project. You should use the four stage Risk Management framework from the module in answering this question. Every project has a risk and you cannot eliminate it. Only thing you can do is reducing risk. Risk should be carefully managed to minimize the impact of it. Regency Plaza project’s main priority should be to manage the risk to achieve the success. Using four stages of risk management process, how well risk was managed in the Regency Plaza project is described. Risk identification First, risks that will directly relate to the project should be identified and the risks that will occur in the future should be foreseen. It can be related to the quality, cost, schedule and etc. In this project they did not have a good idea about the size, layout, and design of the floor plate. They might have considered more about the fool plan efficiency and room locations. Hodgkins did not care much about the buyer’s satisfaction. He did not initiate ant meeting to discuss about the customization and he sent only a letter. He thought it will reduce the changes after completion of condominiums by his marketing strategy. Risk Assessment There were many upcoming risks with condominium units. Design changes, increasing number of specialty items, increasing incomplete information and unusual details were some of the issues. It was very difficult to continue the project with these issues. So they could not follow the schedule. Risk response development After assessing risk project manager should develop a contingency plan covering all the areas to manage the risks. But she did not make any provision for the design changes and she did not have a better contingency  plan. She did not think that buyers would agree or not with the design. Thus she had to face many problems and constructions were halt. Because of all these issues the project was become behind the schedule and over budgeted. Risk response control Finally after developing a risk response, project manager has to monitor and control it. In this case, Hodgkins could not manage and response to the risks occurred during the project. She made the wrong assumptions which were caused for additional costs and time delays. 4. Given the situation that Kris Hodgkins finds herself with the Millers at the end of the case, evaluate all of the options available to her and recommend the course of action your group thinks she should take? Kris Hogkins has five options at this situation. Option one has an opportunity for Millar to make the change at a later date and no additional delays in project. But some changes such as sprinkler require closing the whole floor. Option two minimizes changes required and costs will be removed by putting unit ob hold. But Miller’s changes will incur more cost and that will reduce Millar’s interest on the condominium. There will be a risk to put unit on hold too. Option three, hiring a small general contractor has more disadvantages. It is very difficult to hire contactors for small works and labour cost will be increased. There will be conflicts between the contractors and difficult to manage. The risk will be more. But required changes can be done to satisfy both parties. Option four also not a good idea to work out. Because there are many disadvantages such as difficulty in getting bank loans without certificate of occupancy, Regency’s control over project will be reduced and the target customer pool will shri nk. Option five, Move Millers to a different unit on higher floor will buy some additional time. But there are no similar floor plates on higher floors. After evaluating all the options we can come to a conclusion that option 2 is more beneficial comparing to the other options to the project though there is a risk of selling the condominium, there is a chance of selling it, because of the time and cost spend on it by the Millers. Thus we recommend option 2 as the action that she should implement. Discussion and Conclusion After studying the given case study, they have come across many problems and also they have found better solutions for the said problems.In theDesign Process we have found some problems, we find Hodgkins idea a better suited for the process, because it brings more profit. We think Hodgkins marketing plan is effective because giving the freedom to the buyers to customize their own condo is a great marketing idea. The buyer can get exactly what they want rather than unwanted stuff. The current situation of the project is getting messy due small facts that are not taken in to account by the relevant people. We think that the man power should be increase to achieve the given dead line and as said in the case study only 30 units were pre sold. Also there are small conflicts between fellow partners so it’s a disadvantage to the firm, and some have lack of interest. However Hodgkins makes his target market by minimizing the prices. According to the case study the project manager Hodg kins is not a skilled person at her job, she fail in many areas which her decisions were effecting the final output. She was not best at her duties; even though she had a good team she did not take much use of their skills. Also she was unable to achieve her target and the expenses were high, could not achieve the deadlines. Hodgkins should have focus more on the communication skills; due to her miner mistakes her team mates had small conflicts which affect the project in a way. Overall the Hodgkins managing skills was poor during this project. We evaluated the risk assessment and responses and the project manager have not focus much on the risks, because of that the cost of building have been increase also she was unable to give what the buyers wants. Since she was not focus on the risk and once they occur she was unable to face them all. By examining the five options which are left to Hodgkins to make this project work the author thinks the option two will benefits all who are involve in the project. We would like to conclude by saying that improving Project manager’s skills and by focusin g on risks and using all the resources give the project would have been a success. If they can overcome the above problems they will be able to achieve their targets. If we were the project manager we used our skills to get the maximum output.  And also always try to get team members ideas & by using their skills performed tasks to gain best interest to the project. Try to perform all the tasks according to the plan within the budget in order to complete the project on or before the deadline. Then we establish proper communication process to communicate among all the members without occurring barriers & before starting the project made arrangements for assessing risks and establish contingency plans to overcome from them. By considering all the above factors we can recommend below facts. Project managers must aware of the potential issues that can be cause for delay a project & to reduce such kind of delays project managers must conduct audits during the usual intervals during the project. At the same time by showing sensitivity to human reactions audit should be conducted throughout the project. Without looking at the weak points and without bl aming to mistakes project managers must focus on the issues that should be resolved. All the above things can be possible when there’s a stable proper communication between all the parties those who involve in the project to complete it successfully.